Amashubhu ensimbi ye-boiler namapayipi asetshenziselwa izindlu zamabhoyili kanye nezishintshi zokushisa
Amashubhu ensimbi ye-boiler namapayipi, Ibhekisela emikhawulweni emibili yesigaba sokuvula nesingenalutho, ubude bayo kanye nomngcele wensimbi enkulu, ngokusho kwendlela yokukhiqiza ingahlukaniswa ibe yithubhu yensimbi engenamthungo kanye neshubhu lensimbi elishiselwe, ukucaciswa kweshubhu lensimbi elinangaphandle. izilinganiso (ezifana nobubanzi obungaphandle noma ubude obuhlangothini) nokuqina kodonga, ububanzi balo bosayizi bukhulu kakhulu, kusukela kububanzi obuncane beshubhu le-capillary kuya kububanzi obungamamitha ambalwa wepayipi elikhulu lekalibhu.Amashubhu ensimbi angasetshenziselwa amapayipi, okokusebenza okushisayo, imboni yemishini, ukuhlola kwe-petroleum geological, iziqukathi, imboni yamakhemikhali nezinjongo ezikhethekile.
Amashubhu ensimbi ebilayo namapayipi, Ipayipi lensimbi elihlukaniswe nekhono kanye nepayipi lensimbi elishiselwe (ipayipi lomthungo) izigaba ezimbili.Ngokusho kwesigaba somumo zingahlukaniswa zibe ithubhu eliyindilinga kanye ne-tube emise okukhethekile, esetshenziswa kabanzi iyi-tube yensimbi eyindilinga, kepha kukhona izikwele ezimbalwa, unxande, i-semicircle, i-hexagonal, unxantathu olinganayo, ishubhu lensimbi elimise okwe-octagonal.Ukuze ipayipi lensimbi elingaphansi kwengcindezi yoketshezi likwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic ukuze lihlole umthamo walo wengcindezi kanye nekhwalithi, ngaphansi kwengcindezi ecacisiwe ayivuzi, imanzi noma inwebe yabaqeqeshiwe, ipayipi lensimbi elithile ngokwezinga noma izidingo zokuhlolwa okuseceleni, ukuvutha. test, flattening test.
I-Boiler Steel Tubes namapayipi, Izindlela Zokukhiqiza
Amashubhu ensimbi ebilayo namapayipi, kuwuhlobo lwamashubhu angenamthungo.Indlela yokukhiqiza iyafana nepayipi elingenamthungo, kodwa kunezidingo eziqinile ohlotsheni lwensimbi olusetshenziselwa ukwakha ipayipi lensimbi.Ngokusho ukusetshenziswa lokushisa ihlukaniswe ezimbili izinhlobo kubhayela jikelele tube kanye high-ingcindezi kubhayela tube.
Amashubhu ensimbi ye-boiler namapayipi, impahla yemishini iyinkomba ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokugcina kwensimbi.Kuncike ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali ensimbi kanye nesistimu yokwelapha ukushisa.Ezingeni lepayipi lensimbi, ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, libalule izici eziqinile (amandla aqinile, amandla esivuno noma iphuzu lesivuno, ubude) nobulukhuni, izinkomba zokuqina, kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi zokusebenza okuphezulu nokuphansi kwezinga lokushisa.
① Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile leshubhu lebhayela lingaphansi kuka-350℃, ipayipi lasekhaya lenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngo-No. 10, cha.20 carbon steel hot roll roll ipayipi noma ipayipi edonsa abandayo.
② Amashubhu e-boiler anengcindezi ephezulu avame ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme nezimo zengcindezi ephezulu.Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa okuphezulu kwegesi ye-flue kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi, i-oxidation kanye nokugqwala kuzokwenzeka.Ipayipi lensimbi liyadingeka ukuze libe namandla ahlala isikhathi eside, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwe-oxidation kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwe-microstructure
I-Boiler Steel Tubes namapayipi, Sebenzisa
(1) Ishubhu elibhayela elijwayelekile lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakha ishubhu eludongeni lwamanzi, ishubhu lamanzi abilayo, ishubhu yesitimu esishisa kakhulu, ishubhu le-locomotive boiler elishisa kakhulu, ipayipi lentuthu elikhulu nelincane kanye nepayipi lezitini le-arch.
(2) Ishubhu likabhayela elinomfutho ophakeme lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakha ishubhu le-heater, ishubhu yokufudumeza kabusha, ipayipi, ipayipi lesitimu esikhulu, njll. Isizinda sokuhlinzeka kanye nesidingo semboni yamashubhu kabhayela anomfutho ophezulu ngokuvamile sizinzile, kodwa isimo sokuphakelwa nesidingo salowo nalowo. imboni engaphansi ethile izophinde ihlukaniswe.Abangaphakathi embonini baveza ukuthi isixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa nokukhuthazwa kwemishini yamashubhu kabhayela wengcindezi ephezulu engu-20g ukuze kugcinwe ukushisa okusha okonga amandla.
Imikhiqizo emisha yokonga amandla engu-20g ye-high-pressure boiler tube ikhula kancane kancane emakethe, njengopende oluhlaza ovikela imvelo, imikhiqizo yasendlini yokugezela eyonga amandla neyonga amanzi, itshe lokuvikela imvelo, ibhodi lokuvikela igwebu likasimende, ukonga amandla kanye imikhiqizo yokuvikela imvelo emakethe ebanzi ye-20g high-pressure boiler tube industry iyathembisa.[1]
Izinhlinzeko ezifanele
(1) I-GB/T5310-2008 "Amashubhu Ensimbi Angenamthungo Wama-Boiler Acindezela Kakhulu".Indlela yokuhlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngokuya nge-GB222-84 kanye "Nendlela Yokuhlaziya Amakhemikhali E-Iron Nensimbi Ne-alloy", GB223 "Indlela yokuhlaziya amakhemikhali e-Iron ne-Steel kanye ne-Alloy".
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwepayipi lensimbi likabhayela elingenisiwe kuzokwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezifanele ezibalulwe kwinkontileka.
I-Boiler Steel Tubes Namapayipi, Ibanga Lensimbi
(1) Ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural steel steel 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG.
(2) Insimbi yesakhiwo se-alloy 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, njll.
3Amashubhu ensimbi alethwa esimweni sokwelashwa kokushisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-microstructure, usayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nongqimba lwe-decarburization lwamashubhu ensimbi aphelile nawo ayadingeka
I-Boiler Steel Tubes namapayipi, Izakhiwo Zomzimba Ze
(1) GB3087-2008 izinhlinzeko ze-"Seamless Steel pipe for Low and medium pressure boiler" izinhlinzeko.Ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile ngokuya nge-GB/T228-87, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic ngokusho kwe-GB/T241-90, ukuhlolwa kokucaba ngokusho kwe-GB/T246-97, ukuhlolwa kwe-flaring ngokuya nge-GB/T242-97, ukuhlolwa okugoba okubandayo ngokusho kwe-GB244-97.
(2) GB5310-2008 izinhlinzeko ze-"Seamless Steel Tube for high pressure boiler" izinhlinzeko.Ukuhlolwa kwe-tension, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yamanzi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-flatening kuyafana ne-gb3087-82;Ukuhlolwa komthelela ngokuya nge-GB229-94, ukuhlolwa kwe-flaring ngokuya nge-GB/T242-97, ukuhlolwa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu ngokuya nge-YB/T5148-93;Ngokusho kwe-GB13298-91 yokuhlolwa kwe-microstructure, i-GB224-87 yokuhlola ungqimba lwe-decarburization kanye ne-GB/T5777-96 yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic.
(3) Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinkomba zamashubhu obhayela angenisiwe kuzokwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezifanele ezibalulwe kwinkontileka.
Boiler Steel Amashubhu namapayipi, Mechanical Properties Of
Amandla aqinile
Enqubweni yokuqina, amandla amakhulu (Fb) esampula ekuqhekekeni asuselwa ekucindezelekeni (σ) kwendawo yasekuqaleni ephambanayo (So) yesifanekiso, esibizwa ngokuthi amandla e-tensile (σb), avezwa ngo N/mm2 (MPa).Imele umthamo omkhulu wezinto zensimbi ukumelana nomonakalo ngaphansi kwengcindezi.Ifomula yokubala ithi:
Kuphi: Fb-- amandla amakhulu athwalwa yisifanekiso lapho siphuka, N (Newton);So-- Indawo yoqobo yesiqephu sesampula, mm2.
Iphuzu lesivuno
Izinto Metal nge isivuno phenomenon, isibonelo in the inqubo tensile force akukhuphuki (ugcine njalo) angaqhubeka ukunweba ukucindezeleka, ngokuthi iphuzu isivuno.Uma kwenzeka ukwehla kwamandla, amaphuzu esivuno aphezulu naphansi kufanele ahlukaniswe.Iyunithi yephoyinti lesivuno ngu-N/mm2 (MPa).
Iphoyinti lokukhiqiza eliphezulu (σ SU) ingcindezi enkulu ngaphambi kokuba isifanekiso siveze futhi amandla ehle okokuqala ngqa.Iphoyinti lesivuno esiphansi (σ SL) : ukucindezeleka okuncane esigabeni sokukhiqiza lapho umphumela wokuqala wesikhashana ungacatshangwa.
Iphuzu lokukhiqiza lingabalwa ngokuthi:
Lapho u-Fs engamandla okukhipha (okungashintshi) wesampula phakathi nenqubo yokuqina, i-N (Newton) Kanjalo nendawo yasekuqaleni enqamula ingxenye yesifanekiso, mm2
Amashubhu Ensimbi Ye-boiler namapayipi, Ukwelula Ngemva Kokuphuka
Esivivinyweni sokuqina, iphesenti lobude likhuphuke ngebanga elijwayelekile ngemva kokudonswa kwesifanekiso futhi ubude bebanga elijwayelekile langempela libizwa ngokuthi ukunwetshwa.Iyunithi ingu-%.Ifomula yokubala ithi:
Kuphi: L1-- ibanga lesampula ngemva kokuphuka, mm;L0-- Ubude bangempela bebanga lesampula, mm.
Ukuncishiswa kwesigaba
Ekuhlolweni okuqinile, iphesenti lokuncishiswa okuphezulu kwendawo ephambanayo kububanzi obuncishisiwe besampula ngemva kokudonswa kanye nendawo yokuqala ephambanayo ibizwa ngokuthi izinga lokunciphisa indawo.ψ uvezwa ngo-%.Ifomula yokubala imi kanje:
Lapho, S0-- indawo yokuqala ephambanayo yesampula, mm2;S1-- Ubuncane bendawo ephambanayo kububanzi obuncishisiwe besampula ngemva kokuphuka, mm2.
Inkomba yokuqina
Ukuqina yikhono lensimbi ukumelana nezinto eziqinile ezicindezela endaweni.Ngokwendlela yokuhlola kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza, ubulukhuni bungahlukaniswa ngokuqina kwe-Brinell, ukuqina kwe-Rockwell, ukuqina kwe-Vickers, ukuqina koShore, ukuqina okuncane kanye nobulukhuni bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.Okuvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amapayipi anezinhlobo ezi-3 ze-brinell, rockwell, Vickers hardness.
A, Brinell hardness (HB)
Ibhola lensimbi noma ibhola le-carbide lobubanzi obuthile licindezelwa endaweni eyisampula ngamandla okuhlola acacisiwe (F), futhi amandla okuhlola ayasuswa ngemva kwesikhathi esimisiwe sokubamba ukuze kulinganiswe ububanzi bokuhlehlisa (L) endaweni yesampula.Inombolo yobulukhuni be-Brinell iyi-quotient yamandla okuhlola ahlukaniswe indawo engaphezulu ye-indentation sphere.Ivezwe nge-HBS, iyunithi ithi N/mm2 (MPa).
I-Boiler Steel Tubes Namapayipi, Ikhwalithi Nokuhlola
Imininingwane kanye nokubukeka
(1) GB3087-2008 izinhlinzeko ze-"Seamless Steel pipe for Low and medium pressure boiler" izinhlinzeko.Imininingwane yamashubhu ensimbi yama-boilers ahlukahlukene wesakhiwo, amadayamitha ayi-10 ~ 426mm, izinhlobo ezingama-43 sezizonke.Kunezinhlobo ezingama-29 zokujiya kodonga kusuka ku-1.5 mm kuya ku-26mm.Kodwa-ke, ububanzi obungaphandle nobukhulu bodonga lwepayipi lesitimu esishisa kakhulu, ipayipi elikhulu lentuthu, ipayipi elincane lentuthu kanye nepayipi lezitini le-arch elisetshenziswa kubhayela wesitimela kubalulwe ngenye indlela.
(2) GB5310-2008 "I-Seamless Steel Tube ye-High pressure Boiler" ububanzi bepayipi eligoqiwe elishisayo 22 ~ 530mm, ukujiya kodonga 20 ~ 70mm.Abandayo adonswe (okubandayo rolling) tube ububanzi 10 ~ 108mm, udonga ukujiya 2.0 ~ 13.0mm.
(3) I-GB3087-2008 "ithubhu yensimbi engenamthungo ye-boiler yokucindezela okuphansi nokuphakathi" kanye ne-GB5310-95 "Ithubhu yensimbi engenamthungo ye-boiler yokucindezela okuphezulu" izinhlinzeko.Ikhwalithi yokubukeka: ukuqhekeka, ukugoqa, ukugoqa, ukukhwabanisa, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemibimbi akuvunyelwe endaweni yangaphakathi nangaphandle yepayipi yensimbi.Lezi zinkinga kufanele ziqedwe ngokuphelele.Ukujula kokususa akumele kudlule ukuchezuka okuyinegethivu kogqinsi oluvamile lodonga, futhi ukujiya kwangempela kodonga endaweni evulekile akumele kube ngaphansi kobukhulu obuncane obuvunyelwe bodonga.[2]
Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali
(1) GB3087-2008 izinhlinzeko ze-"Seamless Steel pipe for Low and medium pressure boiler" izinhlinzeko.Indlela yokuhlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngokuya nge-gb222-84 kanye ne-GB223 "Izindlela Zokuhlaziya Amakhemikhali Ensimbi Nengxubevange" ingxenye efanele.
(2) GB5310-2008 izinhlinzeko ze-"Seamless Steel Tube for high pressure boiler" izinhlinzeko.Indlela yokuhlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngokuya nge-GB222-84 kanye "Nendlela Yokuhlaziya Amakhemikhali E-Iron Nensimbi Ne-alloy", GB223 "Indlela yokuhlaziya amakhemikhali e-Iron ne-Steel kanye ne-Alloy".
(3) Ukuhlolwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwepayipi lensimbi likabhayela elingenisiwe kuzokwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ezifanele ezibalulwe kwinkontileka.
| Umkhiqizo | amashubhu ensimbi e-boiler namapayipi | |
| Ipayipi Elingenamthungo | China | I-GB/T8162/T8163 GB5310/6579/9948 |
| USA | I-ASTM A53/A106/A178/A179/A192/A210/A213/A333/A335/A283/A135/A214/315/A500/A501/A519/A161/A334;I-API 5L/5CT | |
| Japan | I-JIS G3452/G3454/G3456/G3457/G3458/G3460/3461/3462/3464 | |
| IsiJalimane | I-DIN 1626/17175/1629-4/2448/2391/17200 SEW680 | |
| eRussia | I-GOST 8732/8731/3183 | |
| Impahla kanye neBanga | China | 10#, 20#, 16Mn, 20G, 15MoG, 15CrMo, 30CrMo, 42Crmo, 27SiMn, 20CrMo |
| USA | Gr.B/Gr.A/A179/A192/A-1/T11/T12/T22/P1/FP1/T5/4140/4130 | |
| Japan | STPG38,STB30,STS38,STB33,STB42,STS49,STBA23,STPA25,STPA23 | |
| IsiJalimane | ST33,ST37,ST35,ST35.8,ST45,ST52,15Mo3,13CrMo44, 1.0309, 1.0305, 1.0405 | |
| eRussia | 10, 20, 35, 45, 20X | |
| Out Diameter | 10-1000mm NOMA ukwenza ngokwezifiso | |
| Ukuqina Kwezindonga | 1-100mm NOMA ukwenza ngokwezifiso | |
| Ubude | 1-12m NOMA ukwenza ngokwezifiso | |
| Ukuvikelwa | Amakepisi epulasitiki | |
| Imigomo yokupakisha | Ifakwe ilebula futhi ihlanganiswe ngomucu wensimbi | |
| Imigomo yokuthunyelwa | Iziqukathi noma izinyanda olwandle, isitsha esisodwa esingama-20" singalayisha cishe amathani angama-20 (amamitha angu-5.8 ubude), isitsha esisodwa esingu-40" singalayisha cishe amathani angama-23-25(ngaphansi kuka-11.8meters ubude) | |
| Isitifiketi Sekhwalithi | ISO, API, Mill Test Certificate | |
| Ukwelashwa Okungaphezulu | Umdwebo omnyama/indawo evanishiwe, uwoyela wokunqanda ukugqwala, uthayela noma njengoba kudingwa ikhasimende | |
| Icebo | Kushiswe Okugoqiwe/Kubandayo |
| Amabanga ensimbi | Q195, Q235A-B, Q345A-E, 20#, 10#,16Mn, ASTM A36,ASTM A500, I-ASTM A53, ASTM 106, SS400, St37, St52, S235JR, S355TRH ect. |
| Amazinga | I-GB/T 3091-2001,GB/T13912-2002, BS 1387, ASTM F1083 ect. |
| Ipayipi liyaphela | icacile, iboshwe, intambo, isokhethi enezimbobo, ene-PVC clap / coupling / clamp, noma njengemfuneko yamakhasimende |
| ukwelashwa | |
| Isicelo | ukulethwa kwamanzi (umpompo wepompo, igesi, amanzi), ipayipi lokwakha, isakhiwo ipayipi(isakhiwo se-greenhouse, ipali yocingo), udonga lwamakhethini, ingxenye yomshini njll. |
| Isikhathi sokuthumela | Izinsuku eziyi-10 ukusuka kusitoko;I-15-20days ekhiqizwa ngokusho kwe-qty |
| Isikhathi Sokukhokha | T/T noma L/C |
| Isikhathi senani | I-CIF;I-CFR;I-FOB |
| Iyalayisha Imbobo | Qingdao port Tianjin port Shanghai Port China |
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